Electric-arc lamp.



Patented July l6, 190i.

3 Sheets-$hqet I mid ' lllllllllllu a. m. LANE.

ELECTRIC ABC LAMP.

(Application filed Nov. 14, 1900.)

(N0 Model.)

W tneoaco 1m: norms Pn'zns co, Puorouwc. wAsumovou. u. c.

No. 678,576. I Patented luly l6, l90l- G. M. LANE.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

[Appficltion fllqd. Nov. 14, 1900.)

3 Shaeta$heat 'z.

(No llodel.)

awueMto'n G page M. Lane.

WiMwooco U lbmw s No. 678,576. Patented July l6, I901. M a. m. LANE.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

(Application filed Nov. 14, 1900;.)

3 Sheets-Sheat 3.

(No Model.)

- Georde fl/La @Mhmm g:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE M. LANE, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 678,576,'da ted July 16, 1901.

A Application filed November 14, 1900. Serial No. 36,522. (No model.)

sey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Arc-Lamps; and I do here by declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention has relation to electric-arc lamps, and aims to provide a simple, effective, and long-lived device of this character in which the electrodes and the feeding, controlling, and cut-out mechanisms are inclosed in a vacuum and protected from atmospheric influences, with the result of a better light and a slower consumption of the carbon pencils.

The invention also consists of the novel features, details of construction, and combina:

tion of the parts, which hereinafter will be more fully disclosed and finally claimed, and for this purpose, and also to acquire a knowledge of the merits of the invention and the structural details of the means whereby the results are attained, reference is to be had to the appended description and drawings hereto attached.

While the essential and characteristic features of the invention are necessarily susceptible of modification, still the preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a side elevation of an arc-lamp 3 5 of the shunt type embodying the invention,

the casing being in section to disclose the feeding and cut-out mechanisms and their relative position when the lamp is trimmed and prior to the passage of the current. Fig.

2 is a diagrammatical view showing the circuits when the lamp is burning. Fig. 3 is a View similar to Fig. 1 of an arc-lamp of the differential type. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the circuit when the lamp is burning.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged section of the valve.

Fig. 6 is a detail view of the compound cut out lever, the parts being separated. Fig. 7- is a top plan view of the cut-out lever with the parts connected. Fig. 8 shows a modification of the shunt type of lamp. Fig. 9

shows a modification of the differential form of lamp.

, Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and indicated in all the views of the drawings by the same reference characters.

The lamp may be either of the shunt type or the differential variety, both being illustrated to demonstrate the application of the invention in connection therewith. The cutout, controlling, and feeding mechanisms are housed. in any selected way, the housing 1 in the present instance being tightly closed, so as to facilitate the formation of a vacuum therein. The globe 2 is attached to the housing or frame 1 in any desired way, preferably by means of screw-thread, the joint being such as to prevent the passage of air when a vacuum is created therein. A valve 3 is provided to facilitate the creation of a vacuum within the globe and frame and may be of any construction. As shown, the valve consists of a tube 4, having a valve-seat 5 at its outer end, normally closed by a flap-valve 6, adapted to open outwardly and normally held closed by a spring 7, secured at one end to the tube 4 and having its opposite end bent and pressing inwardly upon the valve 6. When a vacuumis created Within the globe and frame, the valve 6 is held seated by atmospheric pressure and is free to open outward to relieve the globe of any internal pressure in excess of the atmospheric pressnre,so as to prevent destruction of the globe if no vent were provided. The valve 6 and adjuncts constitute a safety-valve and may be located in any desired or convenient position, so long as an automatic vent is provided to relieve the globe of abnormalinternal pressure. A tube 8 projects from the tubeet and is in communication therewith, and the outer portion of its bore is enlarged to receive a springactuated valve 9, which is adapted to open outwardly when exhausting the air from the globe and which closes to prevent ingress of air. A cap 10 is fittted to the outer end of the tube 8 and when removed admits of an air-pump or other vacuum-creating means being applied to the tube 8 when itis desired to exhaust the air from the globe. By having the valves juxtaposed, as illustrated, a simple and economical construction results and the tube et forms a body for each of the valves and but one point of connection of the valves with the lamp is necessary.

The lower electrode or carbon pencil 11 is supported by means of an arm 12, pendent from the frame, and the upper electrode or carbon pencil 13 is slidably mounted in a tubular extension 14 of the frame in the ordinary manner and may be controlled by any feeding mechanism, either of the clutch type, as illustrated, ora train of gearing, as commonly provided in devices of this character. The clutch-lever 15 is mounted upon a rockerbearing 16, which admits of a bodily longitudinal movement of said lever, whereby the best results are obtained in the feed of the pencil when the lampis in operation. A link 17 connects the clutch-lever 15 with the vibrating beam or frame 18, which carries the armatures 19 and 20, cooperating with, respectively, the main and shunt magnets 21 and 22. These magnets 21 and 22 may be disposed either upon the same or opposite sides of the pulsating lever, according to the arrangement of the vitals of the lamp. The binding-post 23 represents the positive pole and is electrically connected with the frame or housing of the lamp, and the binding-post 24c constitutes the negative pole and is electrically insulated from the frame or housing. The terminals of the shunt-helix are connected with the poles 23 and 21. The cut-out magnet 25 has one end of its wire connected with the pole 2e and the opposite end connected with the lower pencil or electrode 11 and when energized attracts the armature 26 and releases or opens the cut-out, which consists of an electric contact 27 and a pivoted arm 28. The contact 27 is electrically insulated from the frame or housing of the lamp and constitutes one terminal of the wire of the main magnet 21, the other terminal being electrically connected with the pole 24:. A high resistance 29 is interpolated in the circuit through the main magnet and is designed to prevent short-circuiting of the lamp when the circuit is completed. The part 29 offers a greater resistance to the passage of the current than the combined resistance of the cutout magnet 25 and the electrodes 11 and 13, whereby when the circuit is initially completed the current will pass through the magnet 25 and energize it, attract the armature 26, and throw the magnet 21 out of circuit, thereby permitting the shunt-magnet 22 to control the feed of the upper carbon in the well-known manner.

The vibrating lever or frame 18 is provided with a pin or projection 30, and the cut-out lever 28 is adapted to operate between the parts 27 and 30 and is pivoted either to a lever 31 or directly to the frame or part of the housing of the lamp. The lever 31 carries the armature 26 and is formed with a shoulder 32, adjacent to its pivot,against which the inner end 33 of the cut-out lever 28 is adapted to abut, whereby the weight of the armature 26 serves to hold the lever 28 in contact with the part 27 when the lamp is trimmed and in condition for illumination or the passage of the current. WVhen the armature 2G is attracted by the cut-out magnet 25, the lever 28 is free to move under the influence of the lever 18 when actuated by the shunt-magnet 22, due to abnormal lengthening of the are or other abnormal condition.

In the shunt type of lamp (illustrated in Fig. 1) the current passes from binding-post 23, through frame 1, cut-out lever 28, contact 27, resistance 29, magnet 21 to binding-post 24. Magnet 21 being energized raises armature 19, releasing clutch and allowing electrode 13 to descend until it touches electrode 11. This short-circuits the current through binding-post 23, frame 1, electrodes 13 and 11, magnet 25 to binding-post 2a. Cut-out magnet 25 being energized attracts armature 25 and permits cut-out lever 28 to fall away from contact 27. Magnet 21 having lost its energy its armature 19 drops, thus raising electrode 13 and establishing the are, which is now controlled by the shunt-magnet 22 in the usual manner. Upon the lengthening of the are the armature 20 is attracted by the shuntmagnet and the pin or projection 30 is elevated and carries the outer end of the cut-out lever 28 toward the contact 27, and should the arc abnormally increase the armature 20 will be attracted to a greater extent and cause the lever 18 to move so as to bring the cut out lever 28 into contact with the part 27, when the circuit will be closed through the magnet 21 and the lamp be cut out.

In the differential type of lamp the cut-out magnet 25, its armature 26, and the lever 31 are dispensed with and the cut-out lever 28 is pivoted directly to the lamp-frame. The re sistance 29 is interposed between the contact 27 and the negative pole 24. The remaining parts are substantially the same as those herein described in detail,and it is not deemed necessary to refer thereto. A spring 34 cooperates with the vibrating lever or frame 18 to hold the armature 19 away fram the magnet 21 and the points of the electrodes in contact. When the lamp is in readiness for illu mination on the passage of the current, the parts occupy the position about as shown in Fig. 3. On completing the circuit the current passes from the line to the binding-post 23 through the frame, the electrodes, and the main magnet 21 to the binding-post 2 1 and back to the line. The magnet 21 being energized attracts the armature 19 and withdraws the pin or projection 30 from beneath the cut-out lever 28, which falls away from the contact 27 and prevents passage of the current through the resistance-coil 29 and the short-circ uiting of the lamp. When the armature 19 is attracted by the magnet 21, the

electrodes 11 and 13 are separated and the arc is established and the feed of the carbon pencils is controlled by the shunt-magnet 22 and the main magnet 21 in the well-known manner. When the arc lengthens to an abnormal degree, the armature 20 is attracted by the magnet 22 to such an extent as to lift the outer end of the cut-out lever 28 and bring it into electrical contact with the part 27, thereby short-circuiting the lamp and cutting it out of action.

The lamp illustrated in Fig. 8 is the same in action as that shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and involves a simpler construction in that the shunt and main magnets are coaxially arranged, being Wound upon the same spool.

The differential form of lamp (shown in Fig. 9) has the magnets 21 and 22 placed one above the other, with the electrode 13 passing through them and the hollow armatures 19 and 20 and operates in the same manner as the construction shown in Figs 3 and 4.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is- 1. In an electric-arc lamp, and in combination with the electrodes, feeding mechanism therefor, and a magnet-controlled vibrating lever for actuating the feeding mechanism, a cut-out magnet, a fixed contact, a lever bearing an armature to cooperate with the cut-out magnet, and an arm pivoted to the said lever carrying the armature of the cutout magnet and movable with the said lever in one direction and adapted to have independent movement thereof in the opposite and free to have movement in one direction,

cooperating stops between the pivoted arm and the cut-out lever to cause the two to move together in the opposite direction, and a fixed contact in the path of the said pivoted arm, the parts being combined to cut the lamp out of circuit under abnormal conditions, substantially as specified.

3. In an electric-arc lamp, and in combination with the vacuum-inclosure for the electrodes, a tube constituting a valve-body, and having a lateral tubular extension in communication with the bore thereof; a safety-valve applied to the outer end of said tube to relieve the vacuum-inclosure of abnormal internal pressure, and a second valve fitted to the said lateral extension and adapted to cooperate with the vacuum creating means, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE M, LANE. [u s] Witnesses:

PETER HASSINGER, PERCY J. BUTTERWORTH. 

